Academy of Medical Sciences of Islamic Republic of IranArchives of Iranian Medicine1029-29771312010JanuaryAsclepius Caduceus, and Simurgh as Medical Symbols, Part I6168ENTourajNayernouriAcademy of Medical Sciences of I.R. of Iran, Tehran, Iran. tnayernouri@yahoo.co.uk0015010131/AIM.0015This is the first of two articles reviewing the history of medical symbols. In this first article I have briefly reviewed the evolution of the Greek god, Asclepius, (and his Roman counterpart Aesculapius) with the single serpent entwined around a wooden rod as a symbol of western medicine and have alluded to the misplaced adoption of the Caduceus of the Greek god Hermes (and his Roman counterpart Mercury) with its double entwined serpents as an alternative symbol. In the second part of this article (to be published later), I have made a tentative suggestion of why the Simorgh might be adopted as an Eastern or an Asian symbol for medicine.